Do you have a youngster that is entering kindergarten, second, or 6th grade? On the off chance that so they are required by Illinois state law to have an oral wellbeing examination by an authorized dental practitioner. child dental x ray That dental specialist will finish a "Proof of School Dental Examination Form" provided by the Illinois Department of Public Health. This shape will assess the accompanying: The nearness of dental sealants. Sealants are a white or clear filling material that is painted into the depressions of the gnawing surface of the teeth to forestall rot. A tyke's changeless molars are the teeth that are frequently fixed, in spite of the fact that a sealant can be connected to any tooth with a profound notch or pit. History of tooth rot. The dental specialist will note if any teeth have been filled or if any teeth have been lost because of tooth rot. Untreated rot. The dental practitioner will utilize x-beams and in addition a visual examination to decide whether the youngster has any new cavities. Delicate tissue pathology. The dental specialist will assess the wellbeing of the gums and furthermore do a visual examination to ensure no different sores or masses are available. Malocclusion. The dental specialist will assess the tyke's chomp and the position and arrangement of the teeth. In the event that an issue is discovered the dental practitioner may allude the kid to an orthodontist. After the examination the dental specialist will clarify what treatment is required. The American Dental Association prescribes that kids see the dental practitioner like clockwork for consistent cleanings and checkups. On the off chance that your kid has never observed the dental specialist, the required school assessment is an extraordinary approach to acquaint them with the dental office
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Do you have a youngster that is entering kindergarten, second, or 6th grade? On the off chance that so they are required by Illinois state law to have an oral wellbeing examination by an authorized dental practitioner. child dental x ray That dental specialist will finish a "Proof of School Dental Examination Form" provided by the Illinois Department of Public Health. This shape will assess the accompanying: The nearness of dental sealants. Sealants are a white or clear filling material that is painted into the depressions of the gnawing surface of the teeth to forestall rot. A tyke's changeless molars are the teeth that are frequently fixed, in spite of the fact that a sealant can be connected to any tooth with a profound notch or pit. History of tooth rot. The dental specialist will note if any teeth have been filled or if any teeth have been lost because of tooth rot. Untreated rot. The dental practitioner will utilize x-beams and in addition a visual examination to decide whether the youngster has any new cavities. Delicate tissue pathology. The dental specialist will assess the wellbeing of the gums and furthermore do a visual examination to ensure no different sores or masses are available. Malocclusion. The dental specialist will assess the tyke's chomp and the position and arrangement of the teeth. In the event that an issue is discovered the dental practitioner may allude the kid to an orthodontist. After the examination the dental specialist will clarify what treatment is required. The American Dental Association prescribes that kids see the dental practitioner like clockwork for consistent cleanings and checkups. On the off chance that your kid has never observed the dental specialist, the required school assessment is an extraordinary approach to acquaint them with the dental office There are a wide range of zones of fixation in the field of dentistry and one of them is pediatrics. A pediatric dentist is one who represents considerable authority in children 18 years of age and under. There are a few stages that you have to take before you can get authorized x ray for kids in the state in which you longing to practice. What makes a pediatric dentist not quite the same as a general dentist? On the off chance that you work in pediatric dentistry, your concentration will be diagnosing and treating issues in the teeth and gums of children as it were. It will likewise incorporate teaching both the guardians and the children on how to brush and floss appropriately and additionally helping them take in a legitimate eating routine to help the sound development of teeth and upkeep of the gums. You will likewise be expected to perform and perused x-rays, extract teeth, fill any depressions, and prepare your professionals, assistants, and hygienists. On the off chance that you are anticipating making pediatric dentistry your profession of decision, the primary thing you have to do is move on from secondary school with the goal that you can proceed onward to a certify college where you should get your four year certification, which needs to incorporate some pre-dentistry courses. When you have earned your four year certification you should pick a 4-year dental school from which you should acquire your DDS or DMD. Over that, you should take an extra 2-3 years of tutoring, as per the necessities set up by the American Association of Pediatric Dentists. Before you can start practicing, you will be required to get a permit to practice in the state in which you live. It will likewise be useful for you to join different professional associations, for example, the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Aptitudes you'll be required to have the capacity to perform as a pediatric dentist incorporate realizing what the particular needs of children are and having the capacity to function admirably with them. Without this, you won't be effective in your practice. You will likewise need to remain over the accessible innovation in your field, function admirably with your hands, x rays revealed kids be meticulous, and have the capacity to convey and work intimately with both the children and their folks. The eventual fate of pediatric dentistry is splendid as there is expected to be almost 40,000 openings by 2016, and as indicated by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, the normal pediatric dentistry professional earned upwards of $136,000.00 every year. Practicing great dental child dental x ray cleanliness propensities all through life is critical for keeping up oral wellbeing, particularly if these propensities form at a youthful age. Generally these propensities start forming in children when they begin frequently going by the dental practitioner. Family dental practices offer administrations for children to advance their oral wellbeing and they likewise pass on great dental cleanliness propensities to children with the goal that they will keep on practicing these propensities for the duration of their lives. Family dental practitioners comprehend the dread and anxiety that a few children have of the dental specialist office and will help make children more comfortable and calm amid their visits. It is by and large suggested that children begin making routine visits to the dental specialist by the age of three. Be that as it may, guardians who have a worry over their child's teeth less than three years old are as yet urged to make an arrangement to get a sentiment from a dental specialist. A standard dental registration for a child understanding regularly incorporates x-rays and teeth cleanings performed by a dental hygienist. Amid a child's initially visit, an extensive oral exam might be performed to check for tooth rot, gum infection, and appropriate improvement. Notwithstanding the normal cleanings and oral exams, dental hygienists additionally show children great flossing and brushing propensities with the goal that they may keep on maintaining their oral wellbeing. Family dental specialists prescribe that x ray safety imagegently children visit the dental specialist once ever y six months for a standard tidying and registration. The administrations given by family dental practitioners frequently extend past routine cleanings to incorporate sealants, fluoride medicines, fillings, extractions, holding, crowns, and pulpotomies. These administrations supplement teeth cleaning to address further issues, for example, cavities, gum malady, and other normal issues. Family dental practices may likewise impart information to the child and their folks about legitimate home care and eating routine to help keep up ideal oral heath and in addition tending to the feelings of trepidation and anxieties that children may have about going to the dental specialist. The objective of this information is to enable children to be more comfortable at the dental practitioner and form oral wellbeing propensities that they will take well into adulthood. With the end goal for children to accomplish and keep up ideal oral wellbeing, they ought to be going by the dental practitioner for customary registration when they are three years of age. Customary visits to the dental practitioner are useful for the oral wellbeing of a child and they additionally urge children to build up their own particular dental cleanliness propensities. Family dental practitioners normally consolidate fun advantages for youthful children into their visits too to ensure they are calm and not dreadful. By helping children feel comfortable with the dental practitioner and showing them effective dental cleanliness propensities at an early age, they can legitimately keep up their oral wellbeing as they become more established. X-rays are something or other that individuals have a tendency to be careful about. The radiation required in taking one is a worry. Dental practitioners comprehend this, and endeavor to child dental x ray limit a patient's exposure to the radiation, however they keep on taking x-rays in light of the fact that dangers of radiation exposure are exceeded by the advantage of what is found out. X-rays are the most ideal route for a dental practitioner to check a patient's dental wellbeing. A dental practitioner can find depressions in a tooth, indicate dental abscesses, impacted or extra teeth and even sores and tumors. Fillings, crowns, scaffolds and root trenches are altogether encouraged by the utilization of x-rays. Bone-misfortune, shrouded tartar develop, and foreign bodies that might be making dental issues can likewise be detected by the utilization of x-rays. Anyplace in the vicinity of two and eighteen might be required, contingent upon every patient's circumstance. Eighteen are required for a full registration. Subsequent meet-ups to check a particular issue require either two or four x-rays. These are alluded to as "nibble wings." And yet, for the majority of their advantages patients are as yet worried about the radiation levels brought about amid a x-ray session. Dental practitioners, as well, are worried about a patient's exposure to radiation, thus utilize a fast film, and lay an overwhelming lead vest over the patient before the pictures are shot. Pregnant ladies are not given standard x-rays because of the peril to the unborn child, yet dentals are esteemed safe because of the generally low measurements of radiation that is gotten. Dental test convey 58,000 times less radiation than an upper GI, 8,000 times not as much as a trunk and forty times not as much as the day by day radiation that we as a whole experience sitting before our TVs or PCs, or even simply strolling around. These figures ought to go far in mitigating individuals of their worries with respect to dental x-rays. New dental innovation now takes into account advanced x-rays to be taken. The advantages of computerized are critical. To begin, advanced x-rays convey 80% less radiation than their conventional cousins. That is a 80% reduction to the officially low measurements of radiation dental x-rays convey. Notwithstanding lower radiation levels, digitals are practically prompt, and the dental specialist has the upside of shading contrast, since the computerized is more similar to a photograph than the customary high contrast. Computerized x-rays additionally dispense with the requirement for preparing chemicals and the cost of film the drawback is that the advanced innovation is more expensive, and the nature of the picture is not really any superior to anything a customary, so not all dental specialists feel computerized x-rays are appropriate for their practice. A pediatric oncology medical attendant is a medical attendant who deals with kids, and also young people that have some sort of malignancy. Malignancy can be in any stage, active or abating. Among the hardest and most unnerving things guardians may hear is, "Your child has growth". As a pediatric oncology nurture, you are a supporter not simply for your patient, but rather for guardians and family too. A present child oncology enrolled nurture with a 4-year school training can pick to seek after their instruction and turn into a pediatric oncology nurture practitioner that is a medical caretaker who has achieved his or her Masters training, or a Master's of Science in Nursing (MSN). A pediatric oncology enrolled nurture works with kids and youthful grown-ups inside a clinic or human services condition, while others may function as home wellbeing medical caretakers who visit patients in their own particular homes. Kids with growth totally are an extraordinary kind of patient, and require an expanded, giver level of care, comprehension, and resistance past different specialized topics in nursing. Treatment choices and cures is regularly concentrated and restorative office stays can a days ago, a little while, or maybe months. A few medications can even be uncomfortable for the children/kids, which means the attendant should be as Pediatric x ray appreciating, and chivalrous as they can to help through these troublesome circumstances. Amid this, a child oncology nurture additionally needs to fill in as an instructor and advisor to guardians/to the guardians and friends and family, enumerating ailments, signs and side effects, undesirable effects, and medicines. Moms and fathers will demonstrate an array of sentiments, in which training and expertise will enable the medical caretaker to offer help and comfort in whatever circumstance happens. Overseeing and watching out for children with malignancy incorporates the organization and conveyance of chemo drugs, alongside different prescriptions through intravenous lines (IVs) or other conveyance strategies. Imaging tests, for example, x-ray for kid sonograms, MRIs, and CT scans additionally are regarded a piece of the restorative determination, treatment, and examination practice, and may even require the enlisted medical attendant to be with the patient/the child amid the season of these sorts of radiology exams. Checking essential signs, drawing blood, and giving nourishment and dietary x ray necessities will likewise be parts of the standard regimen related with a pediatric oncology enrolled nurture. Going into this sort of medicinal claim to fame is both fulfilling and testing, and requires an exceptional individual to enable take to care of children with disease. While results run from cheerful events to pediatric x ray When I was more youthful, I generally needed to anticipate the future, locate a mystery world, or notice things others couldn't see. Be that as it may, the cape pulled in a great deal of unflattering remarks, so I turned into a dental specialist. These days, I simply have X Ray vision. X Rays, or all the more particularly radiographs, have been around since 1895. At the point when electrons from power how much radiation is safe minor groups of vitality are discharged much like flashes when metal hits stone. This vitality called radiation is guided to hit another objective like film or computerized receptor. In the event that some of these vitality packs get ceased by whatever (or whomever) is sufficiently thick to get in their direction, an example is recorded. This example frames a photo a radiograph. In pharmaceutical, radiation is utilized for an assortment of reasons from infection mapping to disease medications. My kids and I just watched a fascinating narrative on gamma radiation called The Incredible Hulk, yet I trust this innovation is as yet experimental. Joking aside, while radiation has its place in drug it likewise has gotten unfavorable criticism in the well known media. In this way, we should focus on dental radiographs - the X rays you get at the dental specialist. Dental Radiographs come in two structures, little intraoral for taking a gander at a couple of teeth at once and extraoral for taking a gander at a bit or entire jaw or skull. Little intraoral movies or computerized sensors search for holes or bone tallness. These X rays can get changes in tooth thickness that may later outcome in pits or millimeter changes in unresolved issue recuperating or pathology. No cutting edge dental practitioner today can envision doing root channel treatment or therapeutic dentistry without the guide of X rays. Extraoral radiographs are utilized to evaluate development or bone pathology. Orthodontists and Oral Surgeons utilize these radiographs to arrange treatment techniques and screen advance. normal FILM X ray So when does a youngster require X rays? This question has been inquired about and controlled deliberately. As per ADA Guidelines, X rays are shown when an advantage is foreseen. As it were, don't take them in the event that you needn't bother with them! For youngsters four and more established, the dental specialist orders a tyke by cavity chance at that point takes intermittent X rays intended to screen that hazard. Kids with dynamic rot or late rot history require X rays like clockwork. Youngsters with no current history of rot may utilize X rays to screen for rot once every 12 or year and a half. Chance for sickness is measured by history, plaque index, brushing propensities, general wellbeing, age, capacity, or parental offer assistance. Furthermore, you got it, hazard changes after some time! In any case, shouldn't something be said about the radiation? For dental radiographs you are talking tiny. The X ray for kid utilizes 0.06 mGray to deliver. Advanced X rays utilize a quarter to a large portion of that sum. As an examination, a dental specialist can get 85mGray consistently to be underneath the security limit. UCLA distributed a review expressing an arrangement of dental X rays can been contrasted with around 8 hours in the sun or around 3 months of grandiose radiation at our height. On the off chance that you contrast that with the advantage of keeping a genuine malady which can prompt root channels, extractions or more awful, you happened upon you claim cost/advantage proportion. Along these lines, next time you are at your dental practitioner, make a request to see your youngster's radiographs and have them translated for you. There is an entire mystery world you can look into that will demonstrate to you a few things about your family's wellbeing you never took note. They may even enable you to adjust your tyke's future - without the cape The VOICE OF THE 911 dispatcher crackled over the intercom at the Colorado Springs Fire Department. A 73-year-old man at a memory care unit in a nursing home had fallen and might have sustained a head injury. In short order, Dr. Stein Bronsky, the medical director, sped to the scene aboard a fire engine. Upon arrival, he and an ambulance crew found the man sitting upright in a chair in a common area. They quickly learned that no one had witnessed the accident and that he was taking blood thinners. As the paramedics started to assess vital signs and check for any external bleeding, Bronsky produced the Infrascanner, a portable device that uses near-infrared light to detect bleeding inside the brain. About two minutes later — after taking eight measurements of the right and left sides of the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital areas of the man’s head — the result was positive. As a precaution, Bronsky repeated the test with the same results. “Based on that positive reading, knowing that certain hospitals have neurosurgery capability and some don’t, I instructed the crew to bring the patient not to the closest hospital but to the closest one that had the neurosurgeon,” he recalls. That decision made all the difference, and Bronsky credits that portable scanner, which allowed him to make an informed and speedy decision at the scene. Without the device, Bronsky says the nursing home resident would likely have been transported to the closest hospital for a CT scan, and when the result came back positive, he would have had to be moved to yet another hospital with neurosurgical capability — a process that’s more time consuming and expensive, and when dealing with head injuries, when time to treatment can be crucial, more risky for the patient. This year, the Colorado Springs Fire Department is preparing to embark on a study using three of the devices to determine whether paramedics will integrate the device fully into their triage routine. The Infrascanner, manufactured by Philadelphia upstart InfraScan, Inc., gained approval from the Food and Drug Administration in 2011 and it is one of a number of new technologies that have been developed, or are in the pipeline, to assess a variety of head traumas — many of them time-sensitive — from concussion and traumatic brain injury, to strokes. The devices are aimed at medical technicians and doctors toiling on the battlefield, on the sports field, in ambulances and operating rooms, as well as in remote locations where there is no easy access to large and expensive imaging equipment like CT and MRI scanners. High-tech companies are racing to develop an array of handheld gadgets, tests, and other novel solutions. BrainScope’s Ahead 300 and ElMindA’s BNA harness the power of electroencephalograms (EEGs). Third Eye Diagnostics’ Cerepress relies on eye pressure. Banyan Biomarkers and Grace Laboratories are creating biomarker blood tests. Neuropsychology tests developed by the military are also part of the mix in addition to ImPACT Applications’ immediate post-concussion assessment and cognitive testing and AnthroTronix’s DANA software’s computerized cognitive tests. This emerging ecosystem of portable technologies has the potential to enhance our understanding about how to treat and mitigate the effects of head trauma. Handheld technology gives medical personnel a critical tool for early diagnosis of TBI in the field. It can expedite surgery, when required, save more lives, and prevent neurological damage. Despite great advances in medical research, no handheld device is capable of accurately diagnosing every variety of head injury. Nevertheless, the market for such products is huge both in the U.S. and overseas — especially in rural and remote communities where advanced imaging technology remains beyond their financial and logistical reach. benefits of a ct scan radiation If you have a structural lesion in your brain or blood in your brain, you are sort of out of the concussion domain and into the traumatic brain injury domain,” says Dr. Matthew Kirschen, an attending physician in critical care medicine at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. With moderate to severe TBI, things can get complicated quickly. “The time frame over which you need to intervene varies,” Kirschen says, “but the time frame to start the monitoring is as soon as possible. According to the BBC, an early version of the Infrascanner was tested in India a decade ago and the company now says hundreds of the devices are in use overseas. Last month, the British and Irish Boxing Authority announced that the Infrascanner will be ringside for their professional boxing events and military forces in Germany, Israel, the Philippines, Spain, and Turkey have deployed it or are evaluating it for future use. In 2015, the London Air Ambulance charity began trials to screen patients with the device before they arrive at a hospital. According to Infrascan, it’s also being used or tested in India, Indonesia, Poland, Romania, and Russia. HE SKULL IS unique from other body parts in that it’s a rigid box that cannot expand. As blood accumulates in the brain there are four elements in the skull: brain tissue, cerebral spinal fluid, normal blood within blood vessels, and “other things that don’t belong” such as a rapidly expanding hematoma or hemorrhage, Kirschen explains. Blood swirling around where it shouldn’t be is a huge irritant that also causes brain swelling. So, as the hemorrhage starts to build up, it pushes other structures out of the way to make room for itself. This compresses brain tissue and the patient starts to get symptoms of dysfunction. Why? Because the brain stem sits at the center-bottom of the brain and it controls critical bodily functions like breathing and our heart rate. So, as this area of the brain gets squished and stops working it leads to the patient’s demise unless they get immediate medical attention. Every generation, from toddlers and teenagers to young adults and senior citizens, is at risk for concussion and TBI. Everyone from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the military compiles statistics showing just how frequently these injuries occur. The film “Concussion” shined a spotlight on the NFL, but the threat of head injury is just as real for high school and college athletes as it is for professional athletes. The CDC says TBI contributes to about one third of all injury deaths in the U.S. TBI accounted for about 2.5 million visits to the ER, hospitalizations, or deaths in 2010 at an economic cost of $76.5 billion. The CDC also cautions that TBIs from sports and recreation have become “a major public health problem in the United States.” Between 2001 and 2009, about 65 percent of such injuries occurred in children and teenagers 19 years old or younger. Most of the TBIs were associated with injuries from bicycling, football, or the playground. In the military, close to 80 percent of all TBI cases are sustained in the U.S. The number one most common cause of TBIs is not what you would actually think — it’s non-combat, fall related,” says Dr. Aaron Brodsky, a clinical neuropsychologist who serves as the TBI advisor at the Wounded Warrior Regiment at the Marine Corps Base Quantico. “It’s people falling down stairs, people tripping on the snow, and the ice in the wintertime. The lion’s share — more than 290,000 — are mild TBI, which account for more than 82 percent of cases from 2000 through the first half of 2016, according to the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center. Nearly 32,000 (9 percent) are moderate, more than 5,000 (1.4 percent) are penetrating cases, and nearly 3,700 (1 percent) are severe cases. The brain, like all biological tissue, is permeable to electromagnetic radiation. This is the foundation for X-rays, CT scans, and near-infrared (NIR) imaging. Claudia Robertson, a neurosurgery professor at Baylor College of Medicine, worked with the late Dr. Britton Chance of the University of Pennsylvania to research ways of measuring oxygen saturation in the brain using NIR. The duo examined patients with TBI and found that NIR had mixed results. “The common denominator in the patients where the NIR did not work was the presence of intracranial blood,” she says. “This gave us the idea that we might be able to identify the presence of blood using NIR.” In a 2010 study conducted for FDA approval of the Infrascanner, Robertson, who has no financial ties to InfraScan, described how NIR highlights intracranial hematomas: there’s a dramatic difference in the way extravascular blood — blood outside the vessels — absorbs near-infrared light compared to intravascular blood. In the case of an acute hematoma, extravascular blood typically has 10 times the concentration of hemoglobin than in “brain tissue where blood is contained within vessels.” Her study of 365 patients with TBI found that the Infrascanner had a sensitivity of 88 percent and specificity of 90.7 percent in detecting intracranial hematomas. We concluded that the Infrascanner would be useful in screening patients with traumatic brain injury, to identify those patients at high risk for an intracranial hematoma that might need surgery,” she says. “Of course, it cannot replace the need for a CT scan, which is the standard test for assessing a traumatic brain injury. The Infrascanner resembles an oversized smartphone with a small screen and some high-tech features straight out of “Star Trek.” Imagine being a patient in the Enterprise’s sickbay as Dr. McCoy places the scanner at various points on your head to measure hematomas that are greater than 3.5 milliliters in volume and up to 2.5 centimeters deep from the surface of the brain. With the press of a button, it uses a laser to generate the light and there’s a detector with an optical filter on it that captures the near-infrared light that’s scattered through the skull. A disposable fiberoptic shield connects to the device to turn it on. The fiberoptic filaments serve another purpose: They are used like a brush to move hair aside so measurements can be taken directly against the skin of the head without having to shave the patient. The difference in light absorption between the left and right side of the brain determines if there’s a bleed. The technology requires measuring the same pair — the left and right sides of the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital areas of the brain — three times before it confirms a hematoma. Once a scan is completed, the display shows a representation of the skull and a red dot (positive for a hematoma) or a green dot (normal). The size of the dot (small, medium, large) indicates the severity of the bleed. HE INFRASCANNER was designed with a simple interface so that paramedics can use it in stressful situations. It’s like a thermometer. You just measure the temperature, Baruch Ben Dor, CEO of InfraScan, says. “Here, we just measure if somebody has a bleed. The device won’t detect deep brain bleeds. “So, the fact that we’re able to see only an inch into the brain is still enough to detect the vast majority of the bleeds that happen in the case of head trauma,” he says. False positives are possible. But it has a built-in protocol for users to verify a bleed. Some features, including a dimmable screen and the ability to operate it with disposable batteries, were designed to meet military requirements. The Infrascanner was funded in part by the Office of Naval Research and the U.S. Marine Corps. The device was field tested in Fallujah, Iraq, in 2008. The Marine Corps has since deployed more than 170 of the Infrascanner model 2000 in its standard trauma kit for battalion aid stations. The Marines have asked InfraScan for the ability to perform non-invasive intracranial pressure monitoring with the device and the integration of a screening tool, a neuropsychology test called the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation (MACE). TBI can cause the brain to swell and this leads to a dangerous rise in pressure. At present, there’s no simple way to measure intracranial pressure in the field, during medical evacuations, or even in the operating room. Ben Dor says InfraScan is developing a new system called the Multifunction Infrascanner Brain Injury Monitor that will include a non-invasive way to measure intracranial pressure. MACE, he says, will be added as future software upgrade to the Infrascanner model 2000. The Defense Department requires service members to undergo a baseline neuropsychology test before deployment. In addition to MACE, a number of other tests have been developed including ImPACT Applications’ ImPACT, which has FDA approval, the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM), and AnthroTronix’s DANA software. Dr. Brodsky of the Wounded Warrior Regiment says testing both before and after deployment is critical because many service members do not report injuries. “It’s hard enough for me as a neuropsychologist to predict where a person should be when I’m doing testing on them. But if I actually have a pre and post-measure then that’s gold,” he says. Concussions are quite common among children. When it comes to assessing kids with head trauma — whether from a sports injury or a fall — Dr. Joseph Maroon, the team neurosurgeon for the Pittsburgh Steelers and the medical director of the WWE, as well as a clinical neurosurgery professor at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, says CAT scans are frequently overused in emergency rooms. “The concern is whether or not there may be an intracranial hematoma. In the vast majority, this is not so, but to be a thousand percent sure they do a CAT scan,” he explains. “But with the Infrascanner and with a good history and physical, and intelligent parents who can watch the child, CAT scans are not needed as often as they are used.” Many doctors remain concerned about the radiation exposure from CAT scans. Dr. Robertson, of Baylor College of Medicine, notes in a recent paper: “NIRS is thought to be more effective in the pediatric population since x ray for kids have thinner scalps and skulls so there is less noise in the NIRS signal. Moreover, NIRS monitoring may particularly benefit children by allowing them to forgo serial CT imaging for intracranial hemorrhage monitoring, decreasing their overall radiation exposure at a vulnerable age.” Dr. John Oldershaw, the chief of imaging services at the Pittsburgh Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, says: A single CT scan of the head is equivalent to 400 oral X-rays or 100 single view chest X-rays. This is one of the reasons that the Pittsburgh VA is utilizing the Infrascanner, which emits no radiation, to help triage low-suspicion, elderly patients: “The main utility is patients that have mental status changes or patients that have sustained falls that are either witnessed or unwitnessed,” Oldershaw says. The hospital — the only one in the VA system to use the Infrascanner — purchased six Infrascanners and two of them are in use at its satellite nursing home facility for veterans. Oldershaw says one area of concern is among elderly patients with a history of stroke who have encephalomalacia — a condition where the brain may have atrophied in certain areas, resulting in asymmetry. This can set off an alarm bell for a bleed since the Infrascanner looks for symmetry when it takes measurements. Otherwise, he says he’s been very happy with the results: He’s brought the technology to the attention of the leadership of the VA in Washington, D.C., to see if it could be integrated at VA hospitals nationwide. OXING AND MIXED martial arts are two sports Dr. Maroon says would especially benefit from having a ringside portable device to assess head trauma. “These are venues where the ultimate goal is to create brain damage either with a concussion or hypoxia so that the incidence of blood clots and brain damage is clearly evident in these particular venues,” he explains. Maroon says he has used the Infrascanner both at professional sporting events and during office visits to check for intracranial hematomas: “Rather than get a CAT scan, I will do that if the symptoms don’t suggest a more significant problem.” Overall, he says the Infrascanner’s sensitivity — its ability to “pick up a teaspoon of blood”— provides another tool for doctors to use as part of TBI assessment incorporating a baseline test, medical history, and a physical and neurological exam. The UCLA BrainSPORT program is part of the NCAA-Department of Defense CARE Consortium —a three-year, $30 million initiative to study sport-related concussions. Dr. Chris Giza, BrainSPORT’s director and a professor of pediatric neurology and neurosurgery, is researching a variety of concussion detection technologies including helmet and non-helmeted acceleration sensors, brain blood flow monitors, balance sensors, among others. He says UCLA has focused its acceleration research on an earpiece sensor and the helmet-based system called the Head Impact Telemetry System, which measures the force and direction of impact to the helmet to measure force applied to the head and brain. This year, Giza is gearing up for an NIH-funded study to examine brain blood flow in patients who have had concussions. The study will use Neural Analytics’ portable transcranial Doppler, which is like an ultrasound for blood flow, and compare this with the gold standard — an MRI measure for blood flow called arterial spin labeling, he says. Two companies have also developed portable technologies for diagnosing head trauma using an EEG, which picks up electrical impulses in the brain by attaching electrodes to the patient’s scalp. ElMindA, a data-science company based in Israel, has developed an FDA-approved cloud software called BNA, which stands for Brain Network Activation mapping. BNA measures EEG data after a concussion to find changes in electrical function in the brain. “Our goal is to measure neuronal networks, neuronal firing in the brain,” explains CEO Ronen Gadot. BNA is used in concert with a variety of EEG hardware, including Electrical Geodesic’s Sensor Net, which looks like a high-tech hairnet filled with dozens and dozens of electrodes that record brain activity. BrainScope’s Ahead 300 is a single-use disposable electrode headset that uses EEG measurements to assess mild TBI or concussions. It also has been approved by the FDA and was developed with the Department of Defense, according to a September 2016 press release. Michael Singer, the company’s CEO, did not respond to repeated interview requests from Undark. While Dr. Giza sees promise in some of the new technologies undergoing rigorous testing, he sounds a cautionary note about technology that gets fast-tracked to consumers. He says there are many “impact sensors that are not going through any validation process or are just going through internal validation at the company, then being marketing directly to parents or schools.” UR BLOOD HAS a story to tell. When someone has prostate cancer, or sustains a heart attack or head trauma, biomarkers appear. Decoding the message — and doing so with a portable, hand-held test that can be completed in a matter of minutes — is a now a focal point of TBI biomarker research. The global market for a mild TBI portable biomarker test is approximately $6 to $9 billion — three times the size of the market for a hand-held stroke test, says Robert Rhinehart, the senior managing member of Grace Laboratories. Grace Laboratories, an acronym for glutamate receptor and common epilepsy, was established to commercialize the research of the lab’s founder and chief neuroscientist, Svetlana Dambinova. “We are in the process of developing a five-minute sideline test that you can put a drop of whole blood on a strip and in about five minutes you can take a picture of it with your iPhone or put it in a reader and we can determine if someone has sustained a very mild concussion,” Rhinehart says. Dambinova, who researches neurotoxicity biomarkers and their relevance to cerebral ischemia, epilepsy, substance abuse, and TBI says: “Head impact drives glutamate receptor peptides to be released continuously into the bloodstream through the compromised blood brain barrier within hours to days after impact.” Grace Laboratories has completed work on a prototype for a handheld test for a stroke with their Russian partner, Skolkovo Biomed and its research company, DRD Biotech. Meanwhile, Banyan Biomarkers is also racing to develop a blood test. “Every organ but the brain has a simple blood test,” says Ronald Hayes, co-founder and chief science officer of Banyan. “So it’s a way of assessing organically whether or not there’s injury.” Banyan’s biomarker research is focused on ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), which is found in brain neurons, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), which is found in astrocytes, specialized glial cells found in the central nervous system. The company has licensed its biomarker research to a number of medical device makers including Abbott, Philips, and Quanterix to develop a handheld test for TBI. Unfortunately, there’s no easy way to measure intracranial pressure. A dangerous rise in pressure can occur due to brain swelling from TBI or hydrocephalus. Presently, doctors monitor this is by drilling a hole in the skull and inserting a sensor into the cranium. The procedure isn’t without risks of infection and hemorrhaging. Third Eye Diagnostics has developed a prototype for a hand-held, non-invasive tool called the Cerepress to measure intracranial pressure by gauging the pressure within the central retinal vein of the eye. In our eyes, the optic nerve passes through the central retinal vein. Pressurized cerebrospinal fluid, which surrounds the brain, also surrounds the optic nerve. Here’s how the Cerepress works: A numbing drop is put in the patient’s eye and the patient presses their forehead and cheek into the device. Once aligned, Cerepress gently increases the pressure in the eye for just a few moments until the central retinal vein collapses and refills with blood; at the same time, the Cerepress continuously records intraocular pressure and images of the retina. At the instant the vein collapses, the pressure directly correlates to intracranial pressure. The entire process takes about 15 seconds. The company says the Cerepress does not damage the central retinal vein or the eye: the force it exerts is less than the pressure applied when you rub your eye. CEO Terry Fuller says the device works just like a blood pressure cuff: “Instead of using a blood pressure cuff and listening for sound, we are using gentle pressure on the eye itself and looking at the vein that is entering the eye.” Third Eye hopes to begin industry studies in early 2017 at both Johns Hopkins University and the University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Joshua Levine, co-director of the Neurocritical Care Unit and an associate professor of neurology at the University of Pennsylvania, is examining the feasibility of studying the Cerepress and is already engaged in an industry study of the Infrascanner, which started about a year ago. He and his team are examining the Infrascanner’s ability to detect the expansion of bleeds in people admitted to the ICU because of spontaneous hemorrhagic strokes or traumatic hemorrhages. The patients in the study have already had their diagnoses confirmed by a CT scan before the Infrascanner is used to assess their bleed. About a third of people who have either a spontaneous or a traumatic hemorrhage have significant growth of the hemorrhage usually in the first 24 hours after the hemorrhage happened,” Levine says. “And so part of the ultimate goal of this study is to see whether this device can accurately detect enlargement or growth of the hemorrhage. As research on portable devices continues to expand, there’s a shared interest in improving early TBI diagnosis on the sports field, battlefield, or at the scene of an accident. Dr. Bronsky of the Colorado Springs Fire Department sums up this sentiment: “Any patient that we can assess accurately in the field and potentially not have to bring into the emergency department for evaluation is a benefit to everybody. The Market and Research study, titled Worldwide child dental x ray Safety Glasses Market 2017, presents critical information and factual data about the X-Ray Safety Glasses market globally, providing an overall statistical study of the X-Ray Safety Glasses market on the basis of market drivers, X-Ray Safety Glasses Market limitations, and its future prospects. The prevalent global X-Ray Safety Glasses trends and opportunities are also taken into consideration in X-Ray Safety Glasses industry study. Global X-Ray Safety Glasses Market 2017 report has Forecasted Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) in % value for particular period for X-Ray Safety Glasses market, that will help user to take decision based on futuristic chart. Report also includes key players in global X-Ray Safety Glasses market. The X-Ray Safety Glasses market size is estimated in terms of revenue (US$) and production volume in this report. Whereas the X-Ray Safety Glasses market key segments and the geographical distribution across the child dental x ray globe is also deeply analyzed. The research report gives an overview of global X-Ray Safety Glasses industry on by analyzing various key segments of this X-Ray Safety Glasses market based on the product types, application, and end-use industries, X-Ray Safety Glasses market scenario. The regional distribution of the X-Ray Safety Glasses market is across the globe are considered for this X-Ray Safety Glasses industry analysis, the result of which is utilized to estimate the performance of the global X-Ray Safety Glasses market over the period from 2015 to foretasted year. Get Detailed Report Here : http://www.marketsnresearch.com/inquiry-for-buying.html?repid=4691 All aspects of the X-Ray Safety Glasses industry are quantitatively as well as qualitatively assessed to study the global as well as regional X-Ray Safety Glasses market comparatively. The basic information such as the definition of the X-Ray Safety Glasses market, prevalent X-Ray Safety Glasses industry chain, and the government regulations pertaining to the X-Ray Safety Glasses market are also discussed in the report. The product range of the child X-Ray Safety Glasses market is examined on the basis of their production chain, X-Ray Safety Glasses pricing of products, and the profit generated by them. Various regional markets for X-Ray Safety Glasses are analyzed in this report and the production volume and efficacy of the X-Ray Safety Glasses industry across the world is also discussed. Pediatric cardiologists at Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford are developing innovative ways to use virtual reality (VR) inside the hospital’s renowned child dental x ray Heart Center. This new program image child dental xray role includes three separate projects that are currently being used within the Heart Center which leverage VR technology in distinct ways. All of these technologies and programs could potentially be adopted in other areas of specialized, acute care at Packard Children’s Hospital and elsewhere. VR technology, which is popular in the computer gaming community, is available in only a few children’s hospitals around the world. Packard Children’s is among the first to establish a comprehensive VR program dedicated to pediatric care with this level of personalization and medical specialization. “Virtual reality is one of the most exciting technologies that we can bring to bear for improved education and improved patient experience.”— Stephen Roth, MD, chief of pediatric cardiology and director of the Children’s Heart Center. Pediatric cardiologists at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford are using immersive virtual reality (VR) technology to explain complex congenital heart defects, which are some of the most difficult medical conditions to teach and understand. The Stanford Virtual Heart experience helps families understand their child’s heart conditions by employing a new kind of interactive visualization that goes far beyond diagrams, plastic models and hand-drawn sketches. For medical trainees, it provides an immersive and engaging new way to learn about the two dozen most common and complex congenital heart anomalies by allowing them to inspect and manipulate the affected heart, walk around inside it to see how the blood is flowing, and watch how a particular defect interferes with the heart’s normal function. “The heart is a complicated three-dimensional organ, and it’s really hard to describe what’s going on inside of it — especially when something is going wrong,” said David M. Axelrod, MD, clinical assistant professor of pediatric cardiology at Stanford University School of Medicine. “Virtual reality eliminates a lot of that complexity by letting people go inside the heart and see what’s happening themselves — it’s worth way more than a thousand words.” Students at Stanford University School of Medicine are already using The Stanford Virtual Heart to learn about congenital heart defects and to help them visualize the procedures our pediatric heart surgeons use to correct these conditions. Students have reported that VR is the most engaging way to learn about anatomy, far surpassing textbooks, models, online videos and cadavers. Users put on a VR headset and use handheld remote controls to interact with the virtual heart. They can rotate it, open it and inspect its different pieces, including the various heart defects. They can then “teleport” inside the heart to see the interior of the heart’s chambers and vessels and to watch the circulation of blood throughout the heart. Once inside, users can see exactly where the defect exists, such as a hole in a septum or an improperly attached valve (both common congenital heart defects). With a doctor close by to explain, the patient can more easily understand how stitches might close up a hole or how a valve would be repaired. The Stanford Virtual Heart program was designed by Stanford cardiologists and cardiothoracic surgery experts, along with VR education content producers at Lighthaus Inc. The program will be available to children ages 13 and older and their parents and caregivers. Doctors say the new technology makes it much easier for everyone to understand congenital heart problems. These virtual experiences hold the promise of a new frontier in medical training that will allow learners to absorb anatomical and physiological concepts faster and more effectively. “The quicker I can get our medical providers to completely understand their patients’ hearts, the better the outcomes for the patient,” said Axelrod. David Sarno, founder of Lighthaus Inc., said cardiologists from around the world who have tried the program have agreed on VR’s potential to reshape medical education, including cardiology. He believes VR technology will be standard in hospitals and medical schools within the next two years. “Anatomy is a lot easier to perceive and understand when you can see and interact with a living virtual body,” Sarno said. “It brings medical education to life.” The Stanford Virtual Heart was designed with support from Oculus, a subsidiary of Facebook. David Axelrod, MD is both Medical Director of Lighthaus Inc. and a shareholder. 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